#include <iostream>
#include <map>
using namespace std;
int main() {
  map<char, int> map1;
  map1['a'] = 10;
  map1['b'] = 30;
  map1['c'] = 30;
  map1['d'] = 40;
  map1['e'] = 50;
  pair<map<char, int>::iterator, map<char, int>::iterator> ret;
  ret = map1.equal_range('d');
  cout << "lower bound points to: ";
  cout << ret.first->first << " ==> " << ret.first->second << endl;
  cout << "upper bound points to:";
  cout << ret.second->first << " ==> " << ret.second->second << endl;
  return 0;
}
